Language Focus 1: Present perfect for indefinite past time

Objectives

• Learn the use of the present perfect for indefinite past time.
• Learn the difference between been and gone.
• Ask and answer questions using the present perfect.

Present Perfect Tense
for indefinite past time

• We use present perfect to talk about experiences and facts in the past when the exact time is not mentioned or important. (เหตุการณ์ที่ไม่ระบุเวลาที่แน่นอน)

The school have organized a trip to Germany.

I’ve seen some fantastic graffiti.

• We form the affirmative (ประโยคบอกเล่า) with subject + have /has + past participle (V3)

I’ve bought tickets for the exhibition.

She’s given me some good advice.

• We form negative (ประโยคปฏิเสธ) with subject + haven’t / hasn’t + past participle (V3)

Max hasn’t seen the mural.

They haven’t asked me for help.

• Regular past participle end in – ed  -d or – ied

want – wanted          
believe – believed  
play – played  
worry – worried

• Many common verbs have irregular past participles.

go – gone            
put – put                   
see- seen    
hear – heard

ใช้ been เพื่อบอกว่าไปแล้วและกลับแล้ว เช่น  He has been to Japan.

ใช้ gone เพื่อบอกว่าไปแล้วแต่ยังไม่กลับ เช่น  He has gone shopping. (He is at the shop now.)