Language Focus 2: Present perfect with ever/never

Objectives

• Learn the present perfect with ever/never.
• Ask and answer questions in the present perfect about experiences.

Present Perfect Tense for indefinite past time

• We use present perfect to talk about experiences and facts in the past when the exact time is not mentioned or important. (เหตุการณ์ที่ไม่ระบุเวลาที่แน่นอน)

The school have organized a trip to Germany.

I’ve seen some fantastic graffiti.

• We form the affirmative (ปย.บอกเล่า) with subject + have /has + past participle (V3)

I’ve bought tickets for the exhibition.

She’s given me some good advice.

• We form negative (ปย.ปฏิเสธ) with subject + haven’t / hasn’t + past participle (V3)

Max hasn’t seen the mural.

They haven’t asked me for help.

• Regular past participle end in – ed  –d or – ied

want – wanted           believe – believed   play – played   worry – worried

• Many common verbs have  irregular past participles.

go – gone             put – put                    see- seen     hear – heard

ใช้ been เพื่อบอกว่าไปแล้วและกลับแล้ว

เช่น  He has been to Japan.

ใช้ gone เพื่อบอกว่าไปแล้วแต่ยังไม่กลับ

เช่น  He has gone shopping. (He is at the shop now.)

Present Perfect with ever/never

ใช้ ever (เคย)ในประโยคคำถามที่เป็น Present perfect   

Has she ever had a piano lesson?

Have you ever broken your arm or leg?

ใช้ never เพื่อบอกว่า ไม่เคย

He’s never met anybody famous.

I’ve never lived in another city.